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Transitions: Primary School to Secondary School

What is different?

A child with SEND may take a long time to get used to the new school environment and may need additional help to support them throughout this period. If there has been insufficient preparation for the huge changes that occur between primary and secondary school, this can result in difficulties accessing the curriculum and make it harder to make friends.

The first few weeks are crucial in developing the new peer group and poor preparation can result in lasting damage throughout their secondary school years. Here are some of the changes that your child might notice:
  • Classes may be larger.
  • Need to move around the school between different lessons.
  • Different teachers for each subject and being split into sets, which means you may not be with friends in every class.
  • Bigger school environment and not all teachers will be aware of your child’s difficulties.
  • Coping alone in the playground a break and lunchtimes, with fewer teachers supervising.
  • No personal desks.
  • The use of lockers to store belongings.
  • Independence traveling to school.
  • Homework – greater volume and increased expectations.
  • The need for greater organisational skills and meeting deadlines.
  • Career choices at a time when the child may not see they have any strengths.

Without planning and support, the cumulative effect of all these changes may lead to your child becoming increasingly anxious. They could feel out of control in their new environment, after seemingly being able to cope in primary school.

To help with this, spend time talking to your child about all of these things so that they can understand what to expect and have a chance to ask questions about anything that may be worrying them.

Refer them to the transition information regularly in the period leading up to the move, to help refresh the information and trigger questions.

There are other children who struggled at primary school but who enjoy and adapt well to the independence and increased responsibility at Secondary School.

Tips for Transitioning to Secondary School:

Transition workbook:
Address differences between settings with a step-by-step approach. You can ask your existing setting to provide this.
Phased transition:
Is it possible for your child to have additional visits? This can help to become familiar with the new school by finding their way around, noticing new sounds and smells and asking questions? Ask your new SENCO or ask your existing teacher for advice.

Meeting key members of staff:
This can be useful for both Children and Parents/Carers in becoming familiar with a point of contact within the school.

Photos of the new school and key staff:
Ask your new SENCO at the new school for photos of key members of staff that will be working with your child and of the new building, including a map of the school if there is one. You can also look for additional information about the new setting, for example the school’s website and social media, and share this with your child.

Lockers:
Speak to the new SENCO about whether having a locker at school may help your child to organise their equipment. A locker may be a good place to keep spare stationery.

School day planner:
You can create a visual overview of what your child can expect.

Timetable:
Ask your new school for a sample Year 7 timetable or if the school have a school app which loads timetables or homework. Start looking at this in the summer break if it is available.

A buddy system:
Ask your new SENCO if there is a buddy system that your child could have for at least the first two terms.

Gain the views of your child:
Talk to your child. Ask them if anything is worrying them and see what you can do to help.

Share a one-page profile:
Ask your existing SENCO to share your child’s up to date one-page plan with all staff that will be working with them.

Communication:
Find out the best way to communicate with staff at the school – for example, having a named contact, and whether it is best to communicate via phone or email.

Reasonable Adjustments:
Consider anything that the school may be able to do to help your child access the full curriculum and reduce anxiety. Here are some strategies that you could consider:
  • If your child struggles to change quickly for PE, perhaps they could wear a clip-on tie, or wear adapted PE equipment.
  • If your child is anxious taking tests in the classroom, perhaps they could take the test in a small group in a different room.
  • If your child may be easily distracted in class, discuss potential seating options
  • If your child has dyspraxia, pencil grips, adapted rulers and protractors etc. may help.
  • If your child struggles with homework, ask whether there are options to complete homework at school either in a homework club, or during the school day.
  • If your child may feel overwhelmed in class, or if they struggle knowing when they need to go to the toilet, consider a time out or toilet card so that they can easily leave the classroom.
  • If your child finds it difficult to write notes during a class, see if handouts could be provided to capture the key points.
  • Ask if there is a quiet place your child can go to at break and lunch times, such as the school library or SEND department.